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مرحبًا زائرThe arrival of Yuhannah ibn Ru'bah, the ruler of Aylah, to the Prophet ﷺ in Tabuk and his peace settlement on the jizyah
In Rajab of the year 9 AH, while the Prophet ﷺ was in Tabuk, Yuhannah ibn Ru'bah came and made a peace settlement with him on the jizyah. Al-Rahiq al-Makhtum mentions that he was the ruler of Aylah and that the Prophet wrote him a letter of safe conduct.
In Rajab of the year 9 AH, while the Prophet ﷺ was in Tabuk, Yuhannah ibn Ru'bah came and made a peace settlement with him on the jizyah. Al-Rahiq al-Makhtum mentions that he was the ruler of Aylah and that the Prophet wrote him a letter of safe conduct.
This falls within the events of The Expedition of Tabuk and the peace agreements that followed with some people on the frontiers, along with the establishment of the jizyah.
And in Rajab of this year, while he was in Tabuk, Yuhannah ibn Ru'bah came and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ made peace with him on the jizyah.
This means that Yuhannah ibn Ru'bah came to the Prophet ﷺ in Tabuk, and they agreed that he would pay the jizyah. So there was peace and security between him and the Muslims.
The Prophet ﷺ was in Tabuk, and tribes and people of nearby areas toward ash-Sham had begun making peace with the Muslims and paying the jizyah.
The growing influence of the Muslims in Tabuk and its surroundings, and the people of those areas entering into peace and security with the Muslims.
Yuhannah ibn Ru'bah moved from a state of confrontation or independence to a state of peace and paying the jizyah under the protection of the Muslims.
One of the events of Tabuk that showed the spread of Muslim influence to the edges of ash-Sham.
It shows the effect of strength and awe in bringing the outlying areas to reconciliation and into a treaty.
Establishing the jizyah and protection under Islamic rule with the people of the outlying areas.
Reducing conflict and opening the way for security and a treaty.
Teaching acceptance of a reconciliation governed by the Sharia when there is a benefit.
Showing the system of treaties and covenants in the Islamic state.
Securing the borders of the Islamic state in the direction of Tabuk and beyond.
Yuhannah ibn Ru'bah was the ruler of Aylah, meaning its governor or local chief. Aylah was the coastal city known in northern Hijaz on the Gulf of Aqaba. His story is mentioned in the context of The Expedition of Tabuk in 9 AH, when the Prophet ﷺ reached Tabuk and no major military confrontation took place with the Romans. But the presence of the Islamic army in that area showed the strength of the Prophetic state and led a number of northern frontier leaders to enter into peace and truce. So Yuhannah ibn Ru'bah came to the Prophet ﷺ, made a peace settlement, and paid the jizyah. The Prophet ﷺ granted him security and wrote him a letter of safe conduct. Reports also mention that he gifted the Prophet ﷺ a white mule. The Prophet ﷺ accepted his gift and clothed him with a cloak.
He accepted the peace settlement and approved the jizyah
Allah's support for the believers and enabling them to establish treaties.
Fulfilling reconciliation and abiding by protection under Islamic rule.
The possibility of organizing relations with those who differ through a clear contract.
The jizyah is a means of organizing political relations with non-Muslims in that context.
The jizyah became part of the resources of the Islamic state.
Training the community to manage relations through treaties, not chaos.
The existence of a written agreement, protection under Islamic rule, and a treaty shows an organized state.
Islamic civilization builds relations on written covenants.
Managing relations with different parties through clear contracts instead of conflict.
The importance of understanding and written agreement when there are shared interests or a need to organize the relationship.
Clarity in agreements and commitment to covenants.
Organizing external and internal relations according to declared rules.
Learning to respect contracts and covenants.
Legal or political rulings should not be taken out of their historical context without understanding their conditions.
The prophetic context was in an emerging state with revelation and legislation, while the modern context has different international systems.
If a relationship can be regulated by a fair, clear contract, that is better than chaos.
