The Expedition of Uyaynah ibn Hisn al-Fazari to Banu Tamim in Muharram of Year 9 after the Hijrah (9 AH), and what followed of captives and the coming of their leaders to the Prophet ﷺ
In Muharram of Year 9 after the Hijrah, the Prophet ﷺ sent the Expedition of Uyaynah ibn Hisn to Banu Tamim. He attacked them and took captives from them. Then their chiefs came to the Prophet ﷺ and called to him from behind the door, and Surat al-Hujurat was revealed about them.

In Muharram of Year 9 after the Hijrah, the Prophet ﷺ sent the Expedition of Uyaynah ibn Hisn to Banu Tamim. He attacked them and took captives from them. Then their chiefs came to the Prophet ﷺ and called to him from behind the door, and Surat al-Hujurat was revealed about them.
It falls within the Islamic state's organization of the tribes after The Conquest of Makkah, and the sending of expeditions and envoys in Year 9 after the Hijrah.
In Muharram of this year: the Expedition of Uyaynah ibn Hisn, may Allah be pleased with him, to Banu Tamim took place. They took captives from among them, then their leaders came to the Prophet ﷺ and called to him from behind the door: O Muhammad. Then Surah Al-Hujurat was revealed regarding them.
The Prophet ﷺ sent an expedition led by Uyaynah ibn Hisn to Banu Tamim. The expedition defeated the people and took women and children from them. After that, some of their chiefs came to the Prophet ﷺ calling to him from outside the door, and it was said that Surat al-Hujurat was revealed about them.
Al-Raheeq al-Makhtum mentioned that the sending of envoys and expeditions began in Muharram of Year 9 AH, and that Banu Tamim had stirred up the tribes and prevented them from paying the jizyah.
To establish the authority of the Islamic state after security had spread throughout the peninsula, and to make the tribes fulfill the obligations they had entered into.
The situation shifted from a field confrontation to a visit from the chiefs of Banu Tamim to the Prophet ﷺ, with the event linked to the revelation of Surat al-Hujurat.
Documents one aspect of the expeditions of Year 9 after the Hijrah (9 AH) and the regulation of relations with tribes.
It is linked to the revelation of Surah al-Hujurat, which establishes proper conduct with the Prophet ﷺ.
Shows the authority of the Islamic state over the tribes and its follow-up on their obligations.
Reflects the effect of tribal conflict and its move into the framework of law and proper conduct.
Teaches proper conduct with the Prophet ﷺ and not calling out from behind the chambers.
Helps build a society governed by revelation and proper conduct.
Falls within the policy of securing safety and subduing resisting tribes.
Leader of the expedition
They came to the Prophet ﷺ after the captives were taken
Sent the expedition and received the chiefs of Banu Tamim
Returning to revelation in organizing relationships and events.
Proper conduct with the Prophet ﷺ and respect for his status.
Regulating the tribes' relationship with legitimate authority.
Showing the might of the Islamic state in the Arabian Peninsula.
The event is connected to the jizyah, captives, and war booty.
Teaching society the manners of speech and calling out.
There was an envoy, expeditions, and central leadership.
Transforming society from tribal chaos to lawful order.
Weakness in showing proper conduct toward religious or leadership authorities, and disputes over public obligations.
Adhere to proper conduct and order when addressing scholars and leaders.
The importance of organization and discipline in managing relations and delegations.
The need for a clear reference point and general manners of conduct.
Learn to respect rank and not overstep good manners.
The event should not be directly compared to the details of captivity or war booty today.
The prophetic context was one of building a state, revelation, and legislation, while the modern context is governed by different systems.
Proper conduct toward religious authorities and commitment to public order are fundamental in dealings.